1600+–+1650

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 * Dates || Characters || Theories and discoveries ||
 * 1600 || Galileo Galilei || Study of sound and vibrating strings ||
 * 1600 || William Gilbert || Static electricity and magnetism ||
 * 1604 || Johannes Kepler || Mirrors, lenses and vision ||
 * 1604 || Galileo Galilei || Distance for falling object increases as square of time ||
 * 1608 || Hans Lippershey || Optical telescope ||
 * 1609 || Lippershey and Janssen || The compound microscope ||
 * 1609 || Johannes Kepler || First and second laws of planetary motion ||
 * 1609 || Thomas Harriot || Maps moon using a telescope ||
 * 1609 || Johannes Kepler || Notion of energy ||
 * 1610 || Galileo Galilei || Builds a telescope ||
 * 1610 || Galileo Galilei || Observes the phases of Venus ||
 * 1610 || Galileo Galilei || Observes moons of Jupiter ||
 * 1610 || Galileo Galilei || Observes craters on the moon ||
 * 1610 || Galileo Galilei || Observes stars in the Milky Way ||
 * 1610 || Galileo Galilei || Observes structures around Saturn ||
 * 1611 || Fabricius, Galileo, Harriot, Scheiner || Sunspots ||
 * 1611 || Marco de Dominis || Explanation of rainbows ||
 * 1611 || Johannes Kepler || Principles of the astronomical telescope ||
 * 1612 || Simon Marius || Andromeda galaxy ||
 * 1612 || Galileo Galilei || Hydrostatics ||
 * 1613 || Galileo Galilei || Principle of inertia ||
 * 1615 || S. de Caus || Forces and work ||
 * 1618 || Francesco Grimaldi || Interference and diffraction of light ||
 * 1619 || Johannes Kepler || Third law of planetary motion ||
 * 1619 || Johannes Kepler || Explains why a comets tail points away from the Sun ||
 * 1619 || Rene Descartes || Vision of rationalism ||
 * 1620 || Francis Bacon || The empirical scientific method ||
 * 1620 || Francis Bacon || Heat is motion ||
 * 1620 || Jan Baptista van Helmont, || Introduces the word “gas” ||
 * 1621 || Willebrod Snell || The sine law of refraction ||
 * 1624 || Galileo Galilei || Theory of tides ||
 * 1626 || Godfried Wendilin || Verification of Kepler’s laws for moons of Jupiter ||
 * 1630 || Cabaeus || Attraction and repulsion of electric charges ||
 * 1631 || Pierre Gassendi || Observes a transit of Mercury ||
 * 1632 || Galileo Galilei || Galilean relativity ||
 * 1632 || Galileo Galilei || Support for Copernicus’ heliocentric theory ||
 * 1632 || John Ray || Water thermometer ||
 * 1636 || G. Pers de Roberval || Gravitational forces are mutual attraction ||
 * 1636 || Marin Mersenne || Speed of sound ||
 * 1637 || Rene Descartes || Inertia, mechanistic physics ||
 * 1637 || Rene Descartes || Refraction, rainbow and clouds ||
 * 1638 || Galileo Galilei || Motion and friction ||
 * 1639 || Jeremiah Horrocks || observes a transit of Venus ||
 * 1640 || Evangelista Torricelli || Theory of hydrodynamics ||
 * 1641 || Ferdinand II || Sealed thermometer ||
 * 1642 || Blaise Pascal || Mechanical calculator ||
 * 1644 || Evangelista Torricelli || Mercury barometer and artificial vacuum ||
 * 1645 || Ismael Boulliau || Inverse square law for central force acting on planets ||
 * 1648 || Blaise Pascal || Explains barometer as a result of atmospheric pressure ||
 * 1650 || Otto von Guericke || Demonstration of the power of vacuum using two large hemispheres and 8 horses ||